diff --git a/packages/plugins/@nocobase/plugin-file-manager/src/server/server.ts b/packages/plugins/@nocobase/plugin-file-manager/src/server/server.ts
index 5f097569b8..5b6b715e4e 100644
--- a/packages/plugins/@nocobase/plugin-file-manager/src/server/server.ts
+++ b/packages/plugins/@nocobase/plugin-file-manager/src/server/server.ts
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import { isURL, Registry } from '@nocobase/utils';
 
 import { basename } from 'path';
 
-import { Model, Transactionable } from '@nocobase/database';
+import { Collection, Model, Transactionable } from '@nocobase/database';
 import fs from 'fs';
 import { STORAGE_TYPE_ALI_OSS, STORAGE_TYPE_LOCAL, STORAGE_TYPE_S3, STORAGE_TYPE_TX_COS } from '../constants';
 import initActions from './actions';
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import StorageTypeAliOss from './storages/ali-oss';
 import StorageTypeLocal from './storages/local';
 import StorageTypeS3 from './storages/s3';
 import StorageTypeTxCos from './storages/tx-cos';
+import { encodeURL } from './utils';
 
 export type * from './storages';
 
@@ -205,6 +206,20 @@ export class PluginFileManagerServer extends Plugin {
         options.model = 'FileModel';
       }
     });
+    this.db.on('afterDefineCollection', (collection: Collection) => {
+      if (collection.options.template !== 'file') {
+        return;
+      }
+      collection.model.beforeUpdate((model) => {
+        if (!model.changed('url') || !model.changed('preview')) {
+          return;
+        }
+        model.set('url', model.previous('url'));
+        model.set('preview', model.previous('preview'));
+        model.changed('url', false);
+        model.changed('preview', false);
+      });
+    });
     this.app.on('afterStart', async () => {
       await this.loadStorages();
     });
@@ -301,11 +316,11 @@ export class PluginFileManagerServer extends Plugin {
 
   async getFileURL(file: AttachmentModel, preview = false) {
     if (!file.storageId) {
-      return file.url;
+      return encodeURL(file.url);
     }
     const storage = this.storagesCache.get(file.storageId);
     if (!storage) {
-      return file.url;
+      return encodeURL(file.url);
     }
     const storageType = this.storageTypes.get(storage.type);
     return new storageType(storage).getFileURL(file, preview ? storage.options.thumbnailRule : '');
diff --git a/packages/plugins/@nocobase/plugin-file-manager/src/server/storages/index.ts b/packages/plugins/@nocobase/plugin-file-manager/src/server/storages/index.ts
index 07a3289ffb..63c283ff16 100644
--- a/packages/plugins/@nocobase/plugin-file-manager/src/server/storages/index.ts
+++ b/packages/plugins/@nocobase/plugin-file-manager/src/server/storages/index.ts
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 import { isURL } from '@nocobase/utils';
 import { StorageEngine } from 'multer';
 import urlJoin from 'url-join';
+import { encodeURL } from '../utils';
 
 export interface StorageModel {
   id?: number;
@@ -46,9 +47,9 @@ export abstract class StorageType {
     // 兼容历史数据
     if (file.url && isURL(file.url)) {
       if (preview) {
-        return file.url + (this.storage.options.thumbnailRule || '');
+        return encodeURL(file.url) + (this.storage.options.thumbnailRule || '');
       }
-      return file.url;
+      return encodeURL(file.url);
     }
     const keys = [
       this.storage.baseUrl,
diff --git a/packages/plugins/@nocobase/plugin-file-manager/src/server/utils.ts b/packages/plugins/@nocobase/plugin-file-manager/src/server/utils.ts
index 89725595f1..1bfccecd3a 100644
--- a/packages/plugins/@nocobase/plugin-file-manager/src/server/utils.ts
+++ b/packages/plugins/@nocobase/plugin-file-manager/src/server/utils.ts
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@
  * For more information, please refer to: https://www.nocobase.com/agreement.
  */
 
-import path from 'path';
 import { uid } from '@nocobase/utils';
+import path from 'path';
 
 export function getFilename(req, file, cb) {
   const originalname = Buffer.from(file.originalname, 'binary').toString('utf8');
@@ -29,3 +29,31 @@ export const cloudFilenameGetter = (storage) => (req, file, cb) => {
 export function getFileKey(record) {
   return [record.path.replace(/^\/|\/$/g, ''), record.filename].filter(Boolean).join('/');
 }
+
+function ensureUrlEncoded(value) {
+  try {
+    // 如果解码后与原字符串不同，说明已经被转义过
+    if (decodeURIComponent(value) !== value) {
+      return value; // 已经是转义的，直接返回
+    }
+  } catch (e) {
+    // 如果解码出错，说明是非法的编码，直接转义
+    return encodeURIComponent(value);
+  }
+
+  // 如果没问题但字符串未转义过，则进行转义
+  return encodeURIComponent(value);
+}
+
+function encodePathKeepSlash(path) {
+  return path
+    .split('/')
+    .map((segment) => ensureUrlEncoded(segment))
+    .join('/');
+}
+
+export function encodeURL(url) {
+  const parsedUrl = new URL(url);
+  parsedUrl.pathname = encodePathKeepSlash(parsedUrl.pathname);
+  return parsedUrl.toString();
+}